After topical application of 5-aminolevulinic acid, protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) accumulates intracellularly in the treated actinic keratosis lesions. The intracellular PPIX is a photoactive, fluorescing compound and, upon light activation in the presence of oxygen, singlet oxygen is formed which causes damage to cellular compartments of the light-exposed target cells, in particular the mitochondria.
Mild actinic keratoses lesions with a maximum diameter of 1.8 cm on the face and scalp (hairless areas)
Topical cytostatic cream preparation with 5% fluorouracil that exerts a beneficial therapeutic effect on neoplastic and pre-neoplastic skin lesions without damaging normal skin. The pattern of response follows this sequence: erythema, vesiculation, erosion, ulceration, necrosis and epithelialisation. Formerly Efudix.